Organosilicon ntau lawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws downstream daim ntaub ntawv ntawmsilicon hlau. Cov impurities hauv silicon hlau tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev "dawb", tab sis theej tsim cov txheej txheem intermetallic compound theem nrog silicon-xws li Si₂Al₂Ca, Si₈Al₆Fe₄Ca, thiab lwm yam. Lub cev, kev faib tawm, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov impurity theem no ncaj qha txiav txim siab cov reactivity ntawm silicon hlau hauv lub cev.
Kev lag luam organosilicon muaj cov cai nruj heev txog cov ntsiab lus impurity ntawm silicon hlau:
| Cov ntsiab lus impurity | Yam yuav tsum tau muaj | Pom zoo Silicon hlau qib |
| Hlau (Fe) |
Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 0.4% -0.5% |
|
| Aluminium (Al) |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2% |
|
| Calcium (Ca) |
Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.1% |
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Peb Qhov Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem Organosilicon
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Aluminium (Al): Qhov "Poison" ntawm Catalysts
Aluminium yog qhov feem ntau hais txog impurity hauv organosilicon synthesis. Nws cuam tshuam mechanism yog raws li nram no:
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo (Tus nqi tsim nyog):
Cov nqi tsim nyog ntawm txhuas (0.1%-0.2%) tuaj yeem ua rau Cu-Al alloy theem nrog tooj liab catalysts, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm catalytic.
Aluminium tseem tuaj yeem txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm silicon thiab txo lub sijhawm induction.
Cov teebmeem tsis zoo (Ntau dhau):
Cov ntsiab lus txhuas ntau dhau yuav tsim qhov ruaj khov Si-Al alloy theem nrog silicon, cuam tshuam kev sib cuag ntawm silicon thiab chloromethane.
Aluminium yuav hloov cov hluav taws xob hauv lub xeev ntawm cov catalyst nto, txo cov kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb, dimethyldichlorosilane.
Aluminium impurities yuav tso rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm lub reactor, cuam tshuam rau kev hloov mus rau tshav kub thiab ntev -lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm stability.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm Calcium (Ca): Tus Txheej Txheem ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Calcium plays lub luag haujlwm zoo sib xws rau txhuas hauv organosilicon synthesis, tab sis nws txoj kev cuam tshuam txawv:
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo (Tus nqi tsim nyog):
Calcium tuaj yeem txhawb kev hloov pauv ntawm silicon. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov ntsiab lus calcium ntawm 0.05% -0.10% muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Calcium tuaj yeem txhim kho cov flowability ntawm silicon hmoov.
Cov teebmeem tsis zoo (ntau dhau lossis tsis txaus):
Cov ntsiab lus calcium tsawg dhau (<0.03%): Insufficient reactivity, decreased silicon conversion rate.
Too high calcium content (>0.15%): Tsim cov theem inert impurity xws li Si₂Al₂Ca, cuam tshuam ntxiv cov tshuaj silicon.
Calcium Fluctuations: Instability nyob rau hauv calcium cov ntsiab lus ua rau kom nquag hloov nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub, ua rau nyuaj rau cov txheej txheem tswj.
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Hlau (Fe): Ob - Ntaj Ntug
Hlau yog cov impurity tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv metallic silicon, tab sis nws cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm organosilicon synthesis yog me me:
| Cov ntsiab lus hlau | Kev cuam tshuam rau organosilicon synthesis |
| Cov hlau tsis tshua muaj (tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.3%) | Txaus siab rau kev ua tiav siab xaiv, tab sis tuaj yeem txo tus nqi hloov pauv. |
| Cov hlau nruab nrab (0.3% -0.5%) | Zoo zuag qhia tag nrho kev ua tau zoo, nyob rau hauv ntau ntau yam rau industrial ntau lawm. |
| High iron (>0.5%) | Tsim ntawm FeSi₂ theem, muaj peev xwm exacerbating reactor corrosion thiab nce byproducts. |
Cov lus pom zoo rau kev yuav khoom thiab xaiv
| Cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb | Pom zoo Hom | Cov Lus Qhia Tseem Ceeb |
| High -end monomer synthesis |
ib 5210 |
Al Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.2%, Ca Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.1%, Batch stability yog qhov tseem ceeb |
| Conventional monomer synthesis |
ib 4410 |
Al Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.4%, Ca Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug rau 0.1% |
