Dab tsi ua haujlwm manganese hlau ingot muaj nyob rau hauv steelmaking?

Manganese ingotsyog tsim los nrog siab -purity manganese (Mn) raws li cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

 Kev sib xyaw ntau yam: Mn Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 95% (Mn95 qib), Mn Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 97% (Mn97 qib), Mn Ntau dua lossis sib npaug 99% (Mn99 qib), impurities C Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.1%, S Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.05%, P Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug 0.04%, Fe Less dua lossis sib npaug 2.0%;

 Lub cev muaj zog:Melting point 1244 degree, ceev 7.43g/cm³, silvery- grey lumps (10-50mm), kuj nkig nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, heev chemically active nyob rau hauv high kub, nrog txo hwj chim thib ob rau calcium, txhuas, thiab silicon;

 Core zoo:Lub zog sib koom ua ke hauv deoxidation thiab desulfurization, siab alloying efficiency, nqi 30%-40% qis dua silicon-calcium alloys, haum rau loj-scale steelmaking ntau lawm.

(1) Deoxidation Function: Kev txo qis me me thiab suav nrog kev ua kom zoo

Manganese hlau ingots feem ntau yog siv los ua "mob deoxidizer" hauv steelmaking, tsis txhob deoxidation ntau dhau uas yuav ua rau cov hlau molten boil, thaum tib lub sij hawm optimizing lub morphology ntawm inclusions:

Core tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism:

Mn + FeO → MnO + Fe (spontaneous cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv molten steel ntawm 1500-1600 degree). MnO generated muaj qhov ntom ntom dua li cov hlau molten thiab yooj yim ntab thiab tshem tawm nrog cov slag; Tsis tas li ntawd, MnO tuaj yeem tsim qis-melting-point composite slag (melting point 1200-1300 degree) nrog SiO₂ thiab Al₂O₃, ntxiv txhim kho kev tshem tawm cov khoom deoxidation;

Quantitative deoxidation nyhuv:

Ntxiv 0.2%-0.5% (Mn97 qib) tuaj yeem txo cov pa oxygen ntawm cov hlau molten los ntawm 80-100ppm rau 40-60ppm, ua tiav cov deoxidation efficiency ntawm ... 37.5%-50%;

Comparative zoo:

Tsis muaj zog txo lub zog ntau dua li txhuas thiab silicon, tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov hlau molten, thaum ua kom cov deoxidation efficiency ntawm silicon thiab txhuas los ntawm 10% -15%, zam kev sib sau ua ke los ntawm kev siv silicon thiab txhuas ib leeg;

(2) Desulfurization muaj nuj nqi: ruaj khov desulfurization thiab kub brittleness suppression

Manganese hlau lumps txo cov leej faj cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv steel los ntawm kev sib txuas ruaj khov nrog leej faj, tsis txhob kub brittleness defects:

Core tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism:

Mn + FeS → MnS + Fe, MnS generated muaj ib tug melting point ntawm 1610℃thiab ib tug solubility ntawm tsuas yog 0.0003% (nyob rau hauv molten steel), yuav luag insoluble nyob rau hauv molten steel, yooj yim floating rau lub slag rau tshem tawm;

Quantitative desulfurization nyhuv:

Ntxiv 0.3%-0.8% (Mn97 qib) tuaj yeem txo cov sulfur cov ntsiab lus ntawm molten steel los ntawm 0.05%-0.08% mus rau 0.02%-0.03%, ua tiav tus nqi desulfurization ntawm ... 40% -75%; Tus nqi tseem ceeb: Ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv cov hlau, txo tus nqi tawg thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub (dov, forging) los ntawm 1.2% mus rau 0.3%, thiab txhim kho kev ua cov yas;

Synergistic Advantages:

Thaum siv ua ke nrogcalcium silicon alloys, tus nqi desulfurization tuaj yeem nce mus rau ntau dua 80%, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qis-sulfur steel (S Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.01%).

(3) Alloying Function: Txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab microstructure optimization

Mandac yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws alloying ntsiab hauv steelmaking. Los ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog thiab microstructure refinement, nws ua tiav kev txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov hlau:

 Core Strengthening Mechanism:

Solid Solution Strengthening:Manganese atoms sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov ferrite thiab pearlite lattices, ua rau lattice distortion, cuam tshuam kev txav txav txav, thiab txhim kho lub zog thiab hardness ntawm cov hlau;

Microstructure Refinement:Manganese txo qis theem kev hloov pauv kub ntawm cov hlau, ua kom cov pearlite nplej, thiab txhim kho cov tawv tawv thiab hnav tsis kam ntawm cov hlau;

 Quantitative Performance Improvement:

Tsawg Alloy Cov Qauv Hlau (Q355):Ntxiv 0.8%-1.7% Mn97 qib manganese ingots nce tensile zog ntawm 345MPa mus rau 410-450MPa, yield zog nce los ntawm 20%-30%, thiab cuam tshuam toughness (-20 degree) ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 60J / cm²;

Hnav-Resistant Steel (NM450):Ntxiv 1.5% -2.0% manganese ingots, ua ke nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon los tsim Mn₃C Cov theem nyuaj ua rau cov hlau hardness (HRC) ntawm 25 txog 45-50, thiab txhim kho hnav tsis kam los ntawm 40% -60%.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel (60Si2Mn):Ntxiv 0.7% -1.0% manganese ingots txhim kho cov hlau hardenability thiab elastic txwv, ua rau qaug zog lub neej los ntawm 30% -50%.

 Kev tsim khoom ntawm Low-Alloy High-Strength Steel

Haum steel qib:Q355, Q420, Q690, thiab lwm yam., accounting rau ntau tshaj 40% ntawm tag nrho daim ntawv thov ntawm manganese ingots;

Txheej txheem compatibility:Ntxiv rau theem tom ntej ntawm converter / hluav taws xob rauv steelmaking (10-50mm thaiv cov duab), ntxiv nyiaj 0.5%-1.7%, manganese rov qab tus nqi 90% -95%;

 Kev tsim cov Hnav-Resistant Steel thiab Hlau rau Engineering Machinery

Haum steel qib:NM360, NM450, 15MnVN, thiab lwm yam;
Quantitative Parameters:Ntxiv 1.0% -2.0% Mn97 qib manganese ingots, lub zog tensile ntawm cov hlau yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1000MPa, thiab hnav tsis kam ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm engineering machinery (excavator thoob hniav, crusher liners);

 Kev tsim cov Spring Steel thiab Bearing Steel

Haum steel qib:60Si2Mn, 50CrVA, GCr15=thiab lwm yam;

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:Mn99 qib siab -purity metallic manganese ingots ( impurities C Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.05%, P Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.03%) yuav tsum raug xaiv kom tsis txhob muaj impurities cuam tshuam rau elasticity thiab qaug zog lub neej ntawm steel;

Quantitative effect:Ntxiv 0.7% -1.2% Mn99 qib cov khoom, qhov elastic txwv ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 1200MPa, thiab kev sib cuag qaug zog lub neej ntawm cov kabmob steel Ntau dua lossis sib npaug rau 10⁷ zaug;

 Txhim kho kev tsim cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam

Haum steel qib:Q235, Q255, thiab lwm yam.

Daim ntawv thov tus nqi:Ntxiv 0.2%-0.5% Mn95 qib metallic manganese ingots tuaj yeem ua kom lub zog tensile ntawm cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam los ntawm 235MPa rau 270-290MPa, ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog ntawm lub tsev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab;

(1) Qib Core thiab daim ntawv thov hloov kho

(2) Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xaiv

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tau zoo: High-kawg steel (lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel, bearing steel) Mn99 qib kom ntseeg tau siab purity thiab tsawg impurities;
Tus nqi sib npaug: Mn97 qib raug xaiv rau cov hlau zoo tib yam thiab cov hlau tsis tshua muaj hlau kom sib npaug kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi;
Tus nqi tseem ceeb: Mn95 qib raug xaiv rau qis- yuav tsum tau carbon steel los tswj cov nqi raw khoom;