Ferrosilicon alloyssiv silicon (Si) thiab hlau (Fe) ua lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb. Cov qib feem ntau muaj 45% -90% silicon, nrog impurities (Al, Ca, S, P) nruj me ntsis tswj. Lawv ob lub luag haujlwm yog los ntawm ob tus yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
Muaj zog deoxidizing kev ua si ntawm silicon:Silicon muaj lub zog tsis tshua muaj zog rau kev ua haujlwm nrog cov pa oxygen, ua rau nws tus kheej ntawm chav sov, thiab cov khoom sib cais yooj yim.
Heterogeneous nucleation peev xwm ntawm silicon:Lub atomic radius ntawm silicon yog ze rau ntawm cov hlau atoms, tso cai rau nws los ua ib tug nucleation core thaum lub sij hawm hlau solidification, refining lub grain qauv.
Steelmaking Deoxidation: Qhov "Oxygen Tshem Tawm thiab Purification" Function ntawm Ferrosilicon
FeSi yog cov khoom siv deoxidizer feem ntau siv hauv steelmaking. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog tshem tawm cov pa oxygen los ntawm cov hlau molten los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuaj, yog li txhim kho cov purity ntawm cov hlau molten:
(1) Txoj Cai Deoxidation thiab Reaction Mechanism
Core Reaction:
Silicon tau txais qhov kev hloov pauv nrog FeO hauv cov hlau molten (Si + 2FeO → SiO₂ + 2} Fe). Cov tsim SiO₂ muaj qhov ntom ntawm tsuas yog 2.65 g / cm³, qis dua li ntawm cov hlau molten, thiab yuav ntab sai sai rau cov slag thiab raug tshem tawm;
Synergistic Effect:
Thaum siv ua ke nrog ferromanganese thiab aluminium deoxidizers, nws tuaj yeem tsim qis -melting- taw tes sib xyaw slag (xws li CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃, melting point nyob ib ncig ntawm 1400 degree), ntxiv dag zog rau slag lub peev xwm thiab kev muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog dua ntawm "dub deoxidation + purifying molten steel".
(2) Quantitative Effects thiab Application Parameters
Ntxiv Tus Nqi Tswj:
Ntxiv 0.3% -0.8% (FeSi75 qib) ntawm cov hlau molten thaum lub sij hawm converter steelmaking tuaj yeem txo cov pa oxygen ntawm cov hlau molten los ntawm 80-100ppm rau 30-50ppm, nce deoxidation efficiency los ntawm 40% piv rau ib leeg ferromanganese.
Qib Compatibility:
High - qib silicon (FerroSilicon 75, FeSi90) muaj ntau dua deoxidation efficiency thiab haum rau siab - zoo steels; nruab nrab- qib silicon qis (FeSi65, FeSi45) muaj cov nqi qis dua thiab tsim nyog rau cov pa roj carbon zoo tib yam.
Casting Inoculation: Qhov "Grain Refinement" Function ntawm Ferrosilicon
Nyob rau hauv cam khwb cia hlau casting, ferrosilicon alloy, raws li ib tug tseem ceeb inoculant, txhim khu lub mechanical zog ntawm castings los ntawm regulating lub solidification qauv:
(1) Inoculation Principle thiab Grain Refinement Mechanism
Heterogeneous Nucleation:
Silicon atoms thiab cov lej ntawm txhuas, calcium, thiab lwm yam, hauv ferro silicon daim ntawv me me "nucleation nuclei" (xws li SiC, Al₂O₃ hais, 0.1-1μm hauv qhov loj) thaum lub sij hawm solidification ntawm molten hlau, muab cov ntsiab lus txuas rau graphite nag lossis daus;
Structure Optimization:
Txhawb kev hloov ntawm graphite los ntawm "flaky" mus rau "zoo spherical/worm-zoo li," refining lub matrix nplej (grain loj txo los ntawm 80μm mus rau 30-40μm), zam embrittlement teeb meem tshwm sim los ntawm coarse lug;
Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj:
Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus silicon rau hauv cam khwb cia hlau (tswj cov ntsiab lus silicon rau 2.0% -3.5%) txo qhov nyiam ntawm cov hlau dawb tsim thiab txhim kho lub machinability ntawm castings.
(2) Quantitative Effects thiab Application Parameters
Ntxiv Tus Nqi Tswj:
Hauv grey cam khwb cia hlau casting, qhov pom zoo ntxiv ntawm FeSi75% yog 0.2% -0.5% ntawm cov hlau molten, thiab hauv cov hlau, nws yog 0.1% -0.3%;
Txheej txheem Adaptation:
Nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv 1-3 feeb ua ntej ncuav kom ruaj khov inoculation nyhuv thiab tsis txhob ntxov ntxov ntxiv ua rau silicon burn-tawm.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv Dual Applications of Ferrosilicon (Key Selection Basis)
| Daim ntawv thov Scenario | Lub Hom Phiaj Core | Reaction/Mechanism of Action | Cov qib pom zoo | Cov Ntsiab Cai Tswjfwm |
| Steelmaking Deoxidation | Txo cov pa oxygen cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau molten thiab tshem tawm cov inclusions | Kev txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (Si + FeO → SiO₂ + Fe) | FeSi75, FeSi 90 | Ntxiv nyiaj: 0.3% -0.8%, molten steel kub: 1500-1600 degree |
| Casting Inoculation | Grain Refinement, Optimization ntawm Graphite Morphology | Heterogeneous Nucleation + Composition Kho | FeSi75, FeSi65 | Ntxiv Tus Nqi: 0.1% -0.5%, Casting Kub: 1380-1450 degree |
Daim ntawv thov ceev faj thiab cov ntsiab lus siv tau
(1) Kev ceev faj rau Steelmaking Deoxidation
Zam Kev Ntxiv Ntxiv:Cov ntsiab lus silicon ntau dua 1.0% yuav ua rau txo qis ntawm cov hlau weldability thiab txo cov kev cuam tshuam toughness ntau dua 20%;
Lub Sijhawm Ntxiv:Hauv converter steelmaking, nws tuaj yeem muab ntxiv "hauv-kwj" (thaum tapping), thaum nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc rauv steelmaking, nws tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo ib yam;
Kev tswj hwm impurity:Siv tsawg-aluminium ferrosilicon (Al Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5%) kom tsis txhob tsim cov Al₂O₃ suav nrog, uas cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov hlau.
(2) Kev ceev faj rau casting inoculation
Kev xaiv loj:Ferrosilicon siv rau inoculation yuav tsum tau crushed mus rau 1-3mm los xyuas kom meej sai sai dissolution thiab tsis txhob loj hais ua rau lub zos tsis sib xws;
Txoj kev Inoculation:Siv cov "kho-nyob rau hauv txoj kev" (ntxiv ferrosilicon alloy rau lub molten hlau ntws) los yog "nyob rau hauv-flow inoculation" los txhim kho uniformity;
Tsis txhob kis tus kab mob thib ob:Yog tias cov hlau molten nyob twj ywm ntev dhau (ntau tshaj 10 feeb), 10% -20% FeSi alloy yuav tsum tau ntxiv los tswj cov nyhuv inoculation.
