Qhov Chaw Ntawm 'Metal Silicon'

Nws yog ib lub npe khoom uas tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab -1960s. Nws qhov tshwm sim yog cuam tshuam nrog kev nce ntawm kev lag luam semiconductor. Kev xyaum thoob ntiaj teb yog faib cov khoom lag luam silicon rau hauv cov xim hlau silicon thiab semiconductor silicon. Hlau silicon yog ib yam khoom tsim los ntawm smelting quartz thiab coke nyob rau hauv lub cub hluav taws xob. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm silicon cov ntsiab lus yog kwv yees li 98 feem pua ​​(99.99 feem pua ​​​​Si cov ntsiab lus kuj suav nrog cov hlau silicon), thiab lwm yam impurities yog hlau, txhuas, calcium, thiab lwm yam. Semiconductor silicon yog lub siab purity metallic silicon siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv semiconductor. Nws yog muag nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm polycrystalline los yog ib tug siv lead ua, nrog rau yav tas los pheej yig thiab tom kawg yog kim. Nws tau muab faib ua ntau yam tshwj xeeb vim nws siv sib txawv. Raws li kev txheeb cais, xyoo 1985, lub ntiaj teb tau siv txog 500000 tons ntawm cov hlau silicon, ntawm 60 feem pua ​​​​yog siv rau txhuas alloys, tsawg dua 30 feem pua ​​yog siv rau cov organic silicon, li 3 feem pua ​​yog siv rau semiconductors, thiab tus so yog siv rau steel smelting thiab precision ceramics.